Otothyropsis marapoama is a species of the monotypic genus Otothyropsis of loricariid catfish (order Siluriformes). Otothyropsis marapoama is classified in the tribe Otothyrini within the subfamily Hypoptopomatinae. Within this tribe, it represents a clade along with the genera Schizolecis, Otothyris and Pseudotothyris, which share unique specializations of the cranium associated with an enlarged swimbladder capsule. The degree of development of the swimbladder capsule in these genera was not found in any other member of the Otothyrini. Otothyropsis has a sister group relationship with the clade Otothyris plus Pseudotothyris.